Peter Lanzer
Editor
2013
Since 1980 part of the training routines in interventional cardiology and vascular medicine at St. Vincent’s, Indianapolis, was a review of angiograms. Because my training took place during the pre-stent era poor post-angioplasty outcomes were clearly visualized by angiography. In addition, because of the large number of operators at St. Vincent’s and due to the high frequency of complete anatomic revascularization attempts at that time the fellows turned into efficient readers of angiograms in a relatively short time span. After reviewing hundreds of cine rolls and x-ray sheets three observations have become obvious; fi rst , the differences in outcomes between operators were striking; second , these differences were systematic and consistent; third, the relationship between the length of interventional practice of individual operators and procedural outcome has not been straight forward.
Catheter-Based Cardiovascular Interventions – A Knowledge-Based Approach
